Maintenance of parts should follow standardized procedures and schedules. Routine inspections include visually inspecting parts for abnormal wear or leaks. Regular maintenance should be performed according to usage time or mileage, including cleaning, adjustment, and replacement of parts.
For internal engine parts, regularly inspect piston tops and valves for carbon buildup through inspection holes. Cylinder liner wear can be assessed through compression pressure testing. Crankshaft bearing clearance must be measured using specialized tools; any deviations from the standard range should be addressed promptly.
Intake system maintenance focuses on the regular cleaning and replacement of the air filter. Equipment used in dusty environments should have shorter maintenance intervals. Turbochargers should have their rotor axial and radial clearances checked, and blades confirmed to be undamaged. The intercooler should be kept clean externally, and its interior checked for oil buildup.
Fuel system maintenance includes regularly draining water from the fuel filter and replacing the filter element. The high-pressure fuel pump should be checked for seals, and fuel injectors should undergo regular spray pattern testing. Fuel line connections should be checked for looseness or leaks.
The core of lubrication system maintenance is the regular replacement of engine oil and filters. When changing engine oil, clean the oil pan and check for blockages in the oil pump's suction filter. The oil cooler's internal channels should be flushed regularly to maintain its cooling efficiency.
Cooling system maintenance includes checking the coolant level and freezing point. The radiator surface should be kept clean, and internal scale should be flushed away regularly. The water pump's shaft seal should be checked for leaks, and the thermostat's opening temperature can be verified through a heating test.
Electrical system maintenance includes checking the tightness of wiring terminals and cleaning oxide layers from contact surfaces. The starter and alternator's carbon brushes should be checked regularly for wear, and the generator voltage should be tested for normal operation. Sensors need to have their output signal accuracy calibrated.
